![]() The National Science Foundation-funded study validated the idea of investigating the dynamics of single proteins in live bacteria, said Wang, an approach that could help researchers understand the real-time responses of bacteria to silver nanoparticles, which have been proposed for fighting against so-called "superbugs" that are resistant to commonly prescribed antibiotics. Their approach, now patent pending, was to put strain on DNA strands by bending them, thus making them more susceptible to interactions with other chemicals, including silver ions. The observation of DNA separation caused by silver ions came from earlier work that Wang and colleagues had done with bent DNA. In contrast, when treated with silver, the proteins fall off from the DNA, moving by themselves and thus faster." "When the protein is bound to the DNA, it moves slowly together with the DNA, which is a huge molecule in the bacteria. "Then the faster dynamics of the proteins caused by silver can be understood," said Wang. The researchers observed that silver ions were causing paired strands of DNA in the bacteria to separate, and the binding between the protein and the DNA to weaken. But, surprisingly, we found that the dynamics of this protein became faster." "It is known that silver ions can suppress and kill bacteria we thus expected that everything slowed down in the bacteria when treated with silver. Researchers were surprised to find that silver ions actually sped up the dynamics of the protein, opposite of what they thought would happen. Instead, Wang and his colleagues used an advanced imaging technique, called single-particle-tracking photoactivated localization microscopy, to watch and track a particular protein found in E. While these methods are effective, they typically produce only snapshots in time, said Yong Wang, assistant professor of physics and an author of the study, published in the journal Applied and Environmental Microbiology. He is also quite manipulative by using his cunning and charms to convince either ally or enemy to provide him powers, and will return them a favor (In reality, he has no intention to do so).Traditionally, the antimicrobial effects of silver have been measured through bioassays, which compare the effect of a substance on a test organism against a standard, untreated preparation. When cornered and defeated by his enemies, he'll cowered in fear and pleaded for mercy and escape. He also lust and viewed Gwen or Charmcaster as the perfect trophy and bride for him. Personality : Darkstar is an charmingly vain, arrogant and egomaniac, who believed himself to be higher and better than anyone else. And I also added the badge on his chest with some bite marks (appeared in Ben 10 Alien Force Season 1 Episode 5) with an eye as his family crest. So, I redesigned it back to its true root - UAF Designs with the spikes and metallic boots. ![]() When he return to Omniverse, his Darkstar uniform is quite messy, cluttered and weird. ![]() He's quite an intriguing villain especially his lust and power hunger personality, and best of him is that he make girls mad and almost kill him for screw up. He will do whatever it takes to restore his handsome face and regain what he has lost.ĭetails : When Darkstar was introduced in first season of Ben 10 Alien Force, we thought he was the good guy but turned out to be a villain, who wanted more powers to himself than helping people. Overview : A vain yet corrupted member of Plumbers is one of Team Ben's most dangerous foe, who hunger for ultimate powers, and also lust for Gwen.
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